Abstract: The balancing of U-shaped human-robot collaborative assembly (HRCA) lines presents significant challenges due to tight task-precedence constraints and the complexity of multi-mode operations ...
Abstract: In various industries, the need for high-resolution surface measurement is critical for ensuring product quality and detecting defects. White light interferometry (WLI), a nondestructive, ...
An Arduino-based autonomous line following robot using an 8-sensor IR array and PID control for precise steering. Features ultrasonic obstacle detection, auto-calibration, smooth speed ramping, and a ...
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