Abstract: Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is a fundamental signal-awareness mechanism in intelligent communication systems, including cognitive radio, dynamic spectrum sensing, electronic ...

Key finding: The 1D-CNN significantly outperforms both LSTM and hybrid architectures. The pure LSTM failed to learn meaningful features from raw I/Q data, while the hybrid model showed modest ...

The product is designed to answer three questions: What should be learned first? What project proves mastery of that knowledge? How does each step prepare the student for thesis questions on proof day ...

Index modulation (IM) has emerged as a promising technique for improving spectral efficiency and hardware efficiency in next-generation communication ...

In 2026, digital wellness has shifted from supplements and wearables to sound-based programs promising mental clarity ...