Figure 1: Translocation and backtracking for RNA Pol II Elongation Complex (EC). In this study, we built a MSM to investigate the mechanisms of Pol II backtracking upon nucleotide mis-incorporation, a ...

Scientists have discovered that, when a DNA-reading enzyme moves backwards along a gene, it may do so to help control when the gene is turned on. When you purchase through links on our site, we may ...

Scientists have developed a new method to analyze the dynamical, out-of-equilibrium properties of complex disordered systems, such as gold with magnetic impurities or opinions spreading on social ...

The Democrats’ climate backtracking in some of America’s bluest states is a tacit — and in Hochul’s case, not-so-tacit — admission that these policies make energy more expensive for families and ...